Compared with the traditional building model, the factory has more prominent advantages and is favored by many builders and enterprises. So, we need to pay attention to the issues in the design of steel structure workshop buildings.

The attention to the design of steel structure workshop:

Load-bearing of steel workshop building

The first thing that needs to be solved in the design of steel structure factory buildings is the load-bearing. The steel structure workshop building must withstand construction, rain, dust, wind, snow, and maintenance loads.

The load-bearing performance of the metal roof panel is related to the section characteristics of the corrugated metal sheet type, strength, thickness, and the force transmission method. And the spacing of the purlins. So, the load-bearing problem needs to be paid attention to when designing the workshop building.

Portal steel frame design:

There are various portal frames, including single ridge and single slope, multiple ridges and multiple slopes, and single ridge and double slopes and multiple spans. They are all forms of portal frames, as shown in Figure. If necessary, we can also adopt the form of overhanging eaves and adjoining frame.

The structural form of the steel structure workshop:

The beams of the portal steel frame are usually of variable cross-sections, while the columns can be of variable cross-sections or constant cross-sections according to the span, load size, load type, and height of the steel structure factory building.

When there is an overhead crane in the design, the rigid frame should adopt the form of a constant cross-section. The column feet of the portal frame are usually designed to be hinged, which can simplify the structure of the column feet, thus reducing the requirements for the foundation of the house, and ultimately, the foundation cost will be reduced accordingly.

Standards for force analysis of portal frames

Since the calculation assumes that the roof live load is fully distributed, the greater the load value, the greater the safety, and of course, the total amount of steel used will also increase accordingly.

The specification points out that if a profiled steel plate lightweight roof is used, the standard for live loads in the vertical direction of the roof should be 0.5kN/m2, including the calculation of roof panels and purlins. However, for steel house structures with a load-bearing horizontal projected area exceeding 60m2 pieces, the horizontal value of the vertical uniformly distributed live load on the roof should be greater than or equal to 0.3kN/m2.

The load effect combination must meet the following standards:

1. The uniformly distributed live load and snow load on the roof cannot be considered simultaneously. When both loads must be taken into consideration, the more significant value of the two should be taken;
2. The enormous dust load, roof uniform live load, and snow load can be considered at the same time;
3. Construction or maintenance of loads are not considered together with loads other than the self-weight of roof materials and purlins;
4. If multiple cranes are selected, their combination must comply with the provisions of the steel structure design standards;
5. Wind load and earthquake effects cannot be considered simultaneously.

Step for steel structure workshop design:

1. Determine the initial cross-sectional dimensions of the steel structure factory building components, which are generally determined based on the span of the building or can also be determined by the designer.
2. Use design software for mechanical analysis, load combination, strength, and stability verification under various working conditions.
3. Based on the actual load effects and various constraint conditions, the total stress section optimization method is used to re-optimize the selection of the cross-section dimensions of each steel structure factory building member.
4. Check the deformation of each point of the beams and columns of the steel structure factory building and meet the requirements of the relevant specifications. If it does not meet the requirements, the cross-section size should be optimized and adjusted according to a certain proportion of parameters concerning the section total stress optimization method until the deformation of all points of the steel structure factory building components is satisfied.

The Lighting for the design of the steel structure workshop

The area of steel structure workshops is vast, and lighting is also a big problem. Especially in some industrial workshops, light is an essential facility. Improve indoor lighting through daylighting panels during the day to save energy.

When arranging daylighting panels or glass at specific locations of the metal roof. The service life of the skylight should be the same as that of the metal roof panel. The waterproof treatment should be applied at the junction of the daylighting panel and the metal roof sheet.

Moisture-proof

Summer is a rainy season. To prevent water vapor from the bottom of the metal roof, it is necessary to remove the water vapor from the metal roof.

The metal roof layer should be filled with insulation cotton, and the metal roof bottom sheet should be laid with a waterproof film. They are ventilable on the metal roof, which will be moisture-proof for the steel structure workshop.

Fireproof for the design of steel structure workshop

The design of the steel structure workshop needs to consider the fireproofing design. During the use of a steel structure workshop, there is a significant hidden danger of a fire disaster.

When the components of the steel structure workshop exceed a specific temperature, the strength and yield strength of the parts will decrease, which can easily cause collapse accidents.

Therefore, the steel structure workshop needs to be sprayed with fireproof materials, which can improve the fire resistance of the construction in the event of a fire.

Sound insulation

During the production and construction process, noise will be generated inevitably. The steel structure of the factory building prevents sound from being transmitted indoors and outdoors.

Fill the metal roof layer with sound insulation material (usually made of insulation cotton), and the sound insulation effect is expressed by the difference in good intensity on both sides of the metal roof.

The sound insulation effect is related to the density and thickness of the sound insulation material. It should be noted that sound insulation materials have different blocking effects on the sounds of different frequencies.

Thermal Insulation

Steel structure workshop design should also pay attention to the issue of thermal insulation. If the steel structure workshops are built in cold regions, they must consider heat preservation in winter.

The thermal insulation function is realized by filling thermal insulation materials (commonly used glass wool and rock wool) under the metal roof panel.

The thermal insulation performance is determined by the following factors: the raw material, density, and thickness of the thermal insulation cotton. The humidity of the thermal insulation cotton, the connection method of the metal roof panel, and the underlying structure(to prevent the “cold bridge” phenomenon). The ability of the metal roof layer to heat radiation was repeated.